说话人A 00:01 of um social groups networks organizations and institutions 说话人A 00:07 so we may have notice that there is no reading for today do you still have readings for Wednesdays and fridays nothing said today we are watching a video in class a little later that will help us to shape our later on discussion 说话人A 00:28 so we recall last week we talked about groups and how the smallest unit of a group is a dyad and then we can move on to triads and the more people there are in a group the more complicated the relationships and the more that hierarchy emerges so now we may recall that groups are embedded within networks but that networks are not the extent of groups so groups are smaller circles within a larger concentric circle of networks which are embedded within institutions 说话人A 01:34 so here we have an example of a social network remember how we talked about in this classroom there are two hundred something different possible relationships so if you're actually picturing that in a diagram we would see what we call a social network so social network analysis is one of the emerging methodologies in sociology and there's a way to do this on the computer and to make the to make predictions about what kinds of relationships currently exist and what kinds of relationships will form 说话人A 02:00 we've done similar studies for like the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases among teenagers as well as like what is the likelihood of smoking marijuana depending on your social network or things such as crime social networks of crime as well as like who is likely to date whom and a lot of different things including which top artists are likely to feature in charting 说话人A 02:10 so when we're looking at social networks we're often specifically focusing on social relationships within and also across groups 说话人A 02:45 so this is both one of the major methodological approaches but also it's like kind of a theory as well there's ways in which we can use these things to predict human behavior so in this graph you might notice there's larger dots and there's small lines connecting them the dots are what we consider actors also known as nodes so those are the individuals that are within the network and then the edges that we call here those are the lines that connect the different nodes or actors and those are the actual relationships that exist between 说话人A 02:47 so unlike in a group where say the group of a diet you have to have a mutual relationship a mutual consent to remain in a relationship in a social network you can have one way relationships two way relationships and so on 说话人A 03:03 what member actually looking at social networks there's a way in which they become very useful to understanding the social world around us for one social networks are often sectioned off into different subgroups so thinking about your own social circles within this class within your dormitory within school there's probably some people that you interact with more closely than others one of the ways in which clustering can happen is based on some kind of shared similarity this can be on based on a shared social status so for example a shared ethnic background 说话人A 03:40 a shared religious background or a shared hobby or interest that's what we call homophily or the so called birds of a feather flock together it's basically a phenomenon very similar to what it suggests you are attracted to other people who are like you and we have found in various studies that there's a lot of evidence to suggest that homophily is an actual thing and that it exists across various contexts including who we are likely to hire who we are likely to marry who we are likely to date 说话人A 04:12 and like who we are likely to buy our homes near so like there's ways in which residential segregation is based on various different factors so this can be gender think about like back to elementary school where there may have been more gender based segregation in your play groups there's also race age social social economic status religion as well as your education or even your immigrant generation so there's a lot of different factors that play into who likes to be together with whom 说话人A 04:45 This is a way in which this really begins to matter thinking back to our discussion about. 说话人B 04:50 Inputs and outputs last time and how it's often used as a way not just to demarcate social status but also to distribute resources in the context of social networks there's something that we call the strength of weak ties and so we're going to watch a brief video about this that's going to help us to contextualize this discussion. 说话人B 05:18 here from mark granovetter he is one of the pioneering scholars of social network analysis he essentially made this argument about what our social networks can do for us 说话人B 05:39 people think social networks is a new idea a new thing to study and in fact anthropologists started talking about social networks probably in the nineteen thirties and mathematicians were talking about them in the nineteen sixties 说话人B 05:50 1950s and social scientists started picking up on social networks in the 1960s so i wanted to do a dissertation that showed how interesting and important social networks were it seemed to me that one of the biggest sources of inequality in our society in almost any modern industrial society is differences in the rewards to different jobs people have so if you could show that people found their jobs through social networks then that would mean that social networks were a big part of where inequalities are coming from instead of studying as i wanted to men and。 说话人B 06:23 women and blue collar and white collar workers i only studied 说话人B 06:26 male professional technical and managerial workers because that was manageable and it was already as many people as i could possibly handle professional technical and managerial workers are what we might call higher white collar workers doctors and lawyers and teachers and professors and managers and engineers and scientists and people who do technical work so i found directories for the city of Newton and from these directories i chose a sample of people who had recently changed from one job to another almost every single person 说话人B 07:00 either let me into their house and was interviewed right on the spot or said well you know we're in the middle of dinner or something but come back on Saturday so i ended up with a hundred people who fit the sample criteria that they change jobs recently and then once i had interviewed those people and had some sense of what was going on then i could write a survey instrument that i mailed out to another couple of hundred people and i got one hundred and eighty two of those back a lot of times when。 说话人B 07:27 people would tell me that they found their jobs through someone they knew i would say to them oh so you found a job through a friend 说话人B 07:34 and over and over again people would correct me and say no no no not a friend just an acquaintance just an acquaintance 说话人B 07:41 when you hang around with your best friends they tend to know each other and you form a clique with them and their best friends are kind of the same as your best friends 说话人B 07:49 so if you want new information if you want to be clued in on the latest styles trends or information then you want to go to your weak ties your seventh and eighth best friends they're in different circles from your circle and they connect you to the to those other circles in a sense they are your windows on the world 说话人B 08:07 most of the people who change jobs in my study 说话人B 08:11 we're changing them voluntarily so that almost never happens unless people think the new job is a better job so if they really wanted information about new jobs about jobs they weren't going to hear about any other way they were finding it through acquaintances and not through their close friends 说话人B 08:27 majority of these workers had found their jobs through personal contacts it was fifty six percent and what was really interesting to me was that more than three quarters just a bit more than seventy five percent of those in the highest income categories had found their jobs through personal contacts so this effect was much stronger among people who were at the top of the stratification hierarchy 说话人B 08:48 so this meant to me that social networks were particularly important in channeling people into the best jobs that the economy had to offer it turned out that people who had been in one job for a very long time in a place where other people had been at a job for a very long time had a lot of trouble changing jobs when they had to because they just didn't know people in other companies people on the other hand at the bottom end who would change their job every few months they weren't in those。 说话人B 09:15 jobs long enough to really make contacts that mattered the people whose average job tenure was two to five years 说话人B 09:22 we are more likely to find new jobs through networks than people whose average job tenure was very long or very short employers prefer to hire through social networks they trust the information better about people that they are going to hire and that's why they go through current employees people using the internet for job searches we have Linkedin we have all kinds of services and so people may wonder how can any of this still be relevant people will still continue to trust people they know better to find out about places they。 说话人B 09:52 might work and about employees they might hire than they will some impersonal source that is online but one of the consequences of that is that if there is a group 说话人B 10:02 that has very poor representation in an occupation or in some sector of the labor market then it's going to be hard for that group to break in one way that social policy can be efficient as well as not just effective but even efficient is if it makes use of natural social network processes that people are going to engage in anyway so if white males can use social networks to bring more white males into their firms into the industries into the professions then they have an unfair advantage 说话人B 11:09 because if there are no such people who are black or Asian or some other ethnic or racial group who are already in the company then there is a disadvantage there that has nothing to do with qualifications and that just has to do with the history of why those people aren't in there in the first place affirmative action can prime the pump by putting a small number however many people into that into that segment of the labor market who are in this underrepresented group once those people are there they can then do what comes。 说话人B 11:10 naturally to them which is to 说话人B 11:13 bring the people they know into the company in the way that everyone else does 说话人B 11:20 Might gravitate on the strength of the. 说话人A 11:22 Ties and so there's kind of a question here you mentioned how like for example if a group is underrepresented in the labor market then they are likely to stay underrepresented but technically i mean Asian people black people white people they can network with one another why does it matter if only one group is predominantly represented. 说话人A 11:56 ices and places spread out 说话人A 12:12 so there's a way in which different like different levels of representation can have differences on who you have access to in terms of victims if even if you're already only drawing a victim if all of your victims are in a similar status as you there may be a way in which it can be difficult to branch out further 说话人A 12:32 and also just to apply the concept that we talked about earlier clustering or homophily so a lot of evidence shows that when it comes to actual like job market as well as your strong ties there's a way in which that your actual friends tends to be more closely related to you in some way shape or form so there's a way in which like if you're Asian your closest contacts for the job market might also end up being asian it's often not a conscious process but rather a subconscious 说话人A 13:04 process that we engage in without knowing about it and we'll talk more about this when we talk about implicit bias in the unit on racism there's a really cool test that the Harvard sorry mit lab came up with to test how people's implicit biases work and so we take those tests sometimes we find some results that maybe we didn't end up expecting because oftentimes these are not based in conscious biases they're not based in conscious decisions about who you want to be discriminatory against and so on and so forth but rather。 说话人A 13:38 if we think back to the agents of socialization the way that schools the way that media the way that all these different institutions around us sh- keep showing us different images that signal what the status you are ascribed to 说话人A 13:56 and also another question for my brother he mentioned that it tends to be the people in the highest income categories over seventy five percent of people in the highest paid jobs got their jobs through strong ties while through weak ties compared to a smaller amount of like everyone in general so why do you think that might have been the case in other words if you were hiring hiring for like say ceo position or some other kind of highly paid very powerful position 说话人A 14:31 what would influence your decision 说话人A 14:37 i think it's probably cause you want somebody that like you would trust or somebody that you think could like do a job or is it's like a lower pay job or like say you're hiring somebody to like work at a fast food place so it's not doesn't feel as detrimental that like it's somebody that is qualified 说话人A 14:57 so that's a great point and does anyone want to chime in on that or to share something else 说话人A 15:05 and so yes there's definitely a way in which higher income jobs there are also higher visibility a lot more risk is involved in hiring someone for a ceo position compared to if you are changing out your janitor because there's a way like if it turns out your ceo doesn't match the job that you want and you want to change them out that might even impact the stock prices of the company versus no one really cares if you are changing out your cleaning staff so the higher up you go in this in this job ladder。 说话人A 15:36 the more so that like the level of trust matters the more so that you want to 说话人A 15:42 rely on the recommendations of people who you think that you can count on and this ends up reinforcing certain types of inequalities so now i want to us to just take a minute and work on this activity in class so the activity here is maybe you're going to do a piece of paper 说话人A 16:00 结账。 说话人A 16:01 纸上，也可以做这个，on the cell phone，whatever you so prefer。 说话人A 16:05 but basically you're going to make three columns the name of the person， 说话人A 16:11 无美到一种。 说话人A 16:11 你 spoke to。 说话人A 16:17 once you're done with that，you're going to consider which of these 说话人A 16:19 people know each other as well as who else do these people know so essentially it should look like this 说话人A 16:29 没用一张。 说话人A 16:30 我没我没笔。 说话人A 16:34 谢谢。 说话人A 16:35 谢谢。 说话人A 16:37 我给你们几分钟，去完成那。 说话人A 16:39 然后我们会开始，去反映所有的资料。 说话人A 16:42 我们要写下来，快速地，写下我们发现的结果。 说话人A 16:47 然后，和图表一起，组成一个图片，然后提交上去。 说话人A 16:58 so as you're answering these questions think a little bit about the following questions: which of these people that you just spoke to are your strong ties which of them are your weak ties and what opportunities or resources are available to you through each tie you don't have to go into deep detail for every single person but keep these questions in mind as you write your essay 说话人A 17:21 看。 说话人C 17:21 一下。 说话人C 17:44 这些人都是要现实生活的。 说话人C 17:47 嗯。 说话人C 17:48 我都不认识这有10个人。 说话人C 17:51 我可以写。 说话人C 17:52 没有10个人啊，哥们。 说话人C 17:55 我还是写以前学校的吧。 说话人C 17:58 不可能，你至少你肯定至少认识10个人说。 说话人C 18:02 倒也有道理。 说话人C 18:03 你就都是，先把三个凯文写上去。 说话人C 18:17 relationship oh friends 说话人C 18:27 all chinese 说话人C 18:28 and if you do not have a sheet of paper you can also complete this on Excel on Google Docs Google sheets or borrow a pen and paper from someone 说话人C 19:10 所以呢，这就是我们的车，近似地说，像一辆车。 说话人A 21:53 123。 说话人A 21:59 你，等你做完你的图表，开始回答，就用几句简短的句子，回答问题，在下面的部分。 说话人A 22:07 所以，想想看，哪些是强 ties，哪些是弱 ties，在什么资源或机会是可用的，通过每一个。 说话人A 22:15 再一次，这不需要是在个人的基础上，但是更多的是一般的反思。 说话人A 24:49 when you're done just take a picture and upload it to the assignment titled social networks it should be under week five in modules 说话人A 26:07 alright folks sorry doing thumbs up if you're done thumbs down if you need more time alright we'll give you guys another minute or two and then we're gonna come back together as a class so wrap up what you're working on and make sure if you submit it to canvas 说话人A 26:53 嗯，那你画一个画一个就类似于这种。 说话人A 27:43 all right guys we're going to come back together as a class now for those of you who are not yet finished that's okay you have until midnight to hand in your finished product and again it doesn't have to be a very long reflection just the basic gist of applying these concepts to look at your social networks and of course these instructions are also available on the canvas instruction page as well as this slide being available for the class as usual 说话人A 28:16 so looking at our social networks it brings us to the question of social capital so as folks may remember we talked about economic capital as discussed by Karl Marx we also talked about cultural capital where certain tastes habits ways of acting are valued in certain contexts more so than others 说话人A 28:53 what we're looking at today next directly to your social networks is what we call social capital you may have heard about the phrase what you know is less important than who you know in the job market that would be a prime example of what we call social capital 说话人A 29:02 so in other words the information or knowledge of people things and connections that help individuals to leverage social networks 说话人A 29:04 so there's two major components here right one is who you know so like say if you have a lot of friends who work in high positions in banks in major banks in like say chase in bank of America that might help you to get a pretty decent job within the banking system so that's who you know but the second thing that's important is knowing how to 说话人A 29:27 to leverage those ties so knowing like what to ask for what not to ask for and how to ask for it so we have an example that we often look at sociology of education which is if you take children who essentially grew up in under resourced school districts and they perform very well they're very smart they end up in an iuv they often are unable to make usage of the alumni networks to the same degree as students from middle or upper middle class backgrounds unless they receive additional support sort。 说话人A 30:03 of like coaching through how the process works what you actually have access to as a Harvard student or like an Harvard alum 说话人A 30:10 so both knowledge of resources and how to use them just having the connection itself is not enough so that's also like thinking about going to networking events so networking events are often good for establishing what we would consider to be weak ties but that being said how useful are networking events in the present day and the answer is it can sometimes it can be not as useful as we may hope for unless we are following a specific set of what we may describe as social rituals such as following up。 说话人A 30:44 afterwards 说话人A 30:44 sending periodic check ins requesting a coffee chat a short while after but not so long that they've forgotten but also not so short that it doesn't really make sense for you to be doing this so all these different tips and tricks here examples knowing how to engage with them are examples of knowing how to leverage social capital so we often say that America is a society of dense social capital which in other words like a lot more than we think relies on who you know 说话人A 31:16 we often have this image of America as a meritocracy so you get ahead through your own hard work and so this is true but there's another component too so how far ahead you get is not just based on your hard work but also who you know and who knows that you can work hard 说话人A 31:36 so America has long been discussed as a nation of voluntary social groups in other words more so than other western countries if we're looking at European countries compared to them at least in the past Americans tend to voluntarily join a whole bunch of different social groups that take up our time and so on and so forth that require certain commitments of us but also offer certain connections in turn so examples of this are parent teacher associations homeowners associations and as well as different aspects of civic life so thinking about political campaigns and all the。 说话人A 32:13 different volunteers 说话人A 32:16 for an election campaign but despite how involved Americans are we've actually seen a very steady decline and so we have seen people participate in politics less people are voting less they're also volunteering less and joining these groups much less than before and so just off the top of your heads what do you think has changed in the last few years to warrant this 说话人A 32:53 get back into being a part of us by things 说话人A 32:57 great so after covid there's a way in which like Covid-19 had a very we can say dramatic effect on the social network landscape of American society there's of course also a way in which things have shifted online so you don't actually have to be there in person and so if that option is available it also seems to start making less sense for you to actually go and be there in person for a lot of things so covid was one major milestone if we're going back further than that so。 说话人A 33:26 probably 说话人A 33:28 and you guys were born 说话人A 33:28 so like the two thousand and eight recession in the American economy when the housing market bubble burst and so what happened was economic restructuring a lot of people lost their jobs they lost their homes and what emerged in the aftermath of this crisis is that before two thousand and eight our job markets were very different you could expect a certain career trajectory if you were staying in one organization or if you were moving across different organizations 说话人A 33:59 nowadays what we see on the job market is a lot more insecurity so there's a lot more uncertainty about where you're going to end up 说话人A 34:08 young people are also having taking longer to find jobs because of how difficult it is in a very crowded job market as well as the fact that there's just not even if you do have a job in a major city you may not necessarily be getting paid enough in an entry level position to live in said city so wages say in Boston have not really 说话人A 34:33 changed over the last five years but what has changed is rent so if rent prices keep shooting up but wages are remaining stable then even if you can get a job you actually live there 说话人A 34:46 as a result what we're seeing is that people are switching jobs a lot more and with that job switch often they're also moving a lot more so thinking about parent teacher associations homeowners associations these only really make sense if you're a child if you're actually having a child 说话人A 35:04 and if you're actually owning a home which young Americans are doing later and later on in life part of this of course is just job market insecurity but also student debt loads so when you are in debt usually you don't immediately think about buying a home and getting like more debt on top of that or about like getting financially stable before you have a kid or if you are moving from city to city does it make sense for you to join the campaign for the Boston mayor wu's re-election campaign if you're going to be。 说话人A 35:34 living in say saratoga or if you're gonna be living in Philly by the end of the year before the end of the election cycle so there's these ways in which these broader structures 说话人A 35:44 social forces have a pretty big impact on how Americans are engaging in civic life and also in social life another major factor when it comes to social efforts is migration so there's a way in which migration within the country as we're increasingly seeing in America but also across countries for various economic opportunities or due to what we call push factors in other words factors that are pushing someone out of a specific 说话人A 36:16 there's a way in which migration shapes networks but also migration networks shape migration so it's kind of a great thing that goes both ways so i'd like to give you guys a few moments to look at this graph and so this is a flow chart essentially we can see that each color the segments that is from represents which region in the world it is and then the same color segment that's going to different areas shows where people are migrating to 说话人A 36:49 so looking at this chart i'd like to give you guys a few moments to take a look at it and then just get some reactions so what are some things that stand out to you when you're looking at this chart 说话人A 37:22 south asia 说话人A 37:24 north dc 说话人A 37:55 stand out to you what might be probably against your expectations 说话人A 38:00 well i was just curious like for sub saharan africa the big one like does that mean that there's a lot of people just moving around with big sub saharan africa 说话人A 38:10 yes so that's a great observation often when we hear about refugees and asylum seekers from sub Saharan Africa what do we hear about usually that they're going to Europe right but if we're looking at the actual numbers we find that most of them are what we call like regionally displaced persons so if they're displaced due to conflict 说话人A 38:33 due to lack of economic opportunities and natural disasters they are often not ending up in what we would consider the west the most amount of refugees end up in the closest region or country right next to them in sub saharan africa most migration is happening internally within the region 说话人A 38:53 what else stands out 说话人A 39:08 so north America we are receiving a lot of immigrants both America and Canada are immigration based countries which means that like our nationality is something that you can join you guys may have heard of this before but there's different ways to obtain citizenship one is by blood or by law so there's a lot of Nations across the world where you can only obtain citizenship through blood ties or by marriage United States Canada and a few other countries are exceptions to that 说话人A 39:48 you may also notice the migration trends from south asia so where did the bulk of people from south Asia go 说话人A 39:52 Australia 说话人A 39:53 so what's in australia 说话人A 40:03 so what we would consider like the oil states or like the middle eastern states of like Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Kuwait and so on and so forth and what we see often is that if you are like if if you watch some expos' videos on YouTube or some vloggers when we look at videos of travel in these like Saudi Arabia or similar areas we see like dubai we see the very shiny things but also what we often is not notice is that within these states often there's this huge 说话人A 40:38 migration labor force that's predominantly from Southeast Asia and so recent studies have uncovered that these people tend to be very much underpaid and often there's what we might now investment standards consider to be labor trafficking in other words they may have their passports taken away until they have completed sufficient work and often that work is under poor circumstances so if we recall two thousand and twenty two roadblock in qatar 说话人A 41:09 and how like we see like of course the very beautiful buildings the huge stadiums but who is actually upkeeping it it's not necessarily local nationals but rather this huge migration workforce from south Asia who also generally speaking cannot obtain citizenship in the places that they are living and working the way that integration takes place is also kind of an interesting thing to think about but we'll talk more about that in a later time so thinking about migration networks networks also share remittances so global economic transactions of course there is what。 说话人A 41:47 companies do 说话人A 41:49 businesses and so forth but interpersonal so if say i'm working in the united states and i'm sending money back to say south korea that would be an example of a remittance where you are earning money in one country and sending money back to family or friends in another country so the numbers of migration that we engage in also shape where money is being sent and also shapes how you engage in relationships across national borders we'll talk more about this when we're discussing gender and sexuality 说话人A 42:24 and of course there is the question the ever present question how is the internet impacting us and there's a way in which i'm not going to show this video but there's a way in which we are showing more and more of our lives on the internet and so i did not show this but it's essentially an internet ad saying that you should not be showing your kids information on public social media because random creeps can get ahold of that and so the internet shapes the way in which we network but。 说话人A 42:54 as Mike friedländer argues 说话人A 42:56 just because you are connecting with someone on LinkedIn and they added you back it doesn't necessarily mean they're gonna recommend you for a job of course nowadays we also have ai which is reshaping networks especially digital networks in an entirely different way you may get a lot more spam emails a lot of cold emails that appear to be legitimate based on how they are written but does anyone know how is ChatGPT trained 说话人A 43:29 so if we're looking at open source stuff on the internet they should tech- technically based on what is actually available ChatGPT should be nazi should be a Nazi thing that is constantly shouting Nazi slogans also a lot of racism a lot of sexism and probably a lot of dark stuff that they're not necessarily seeing in the reviews of ChatGPT models which means that it's being trained in a certain way but who's doing the training 说话人A 44:07 客户和买家，对。 说话人A 44:19 是在。 说话人A 44:20 评论区。 说话人A 44:25 所以现在有了这些，self-regulated models。 说话人A 44:27 and the question of like who actually trained these models。 说话人A 44:30 part of it was trained in the United States on people who were paid minimum wage and part of Openai was trained in Kenya with workers who are paid less than two dollars an hour to shape the models that we now have access to today so while they are play a huge role in shaping the model they don't necessarily profit from the seeds of course there's various ways in which the internet and ai have positive benefits 说话人A 45:00 but they also have like less not so positive effects also so while like more people can gain access to more resources without necessarily having the necessary social networks that may be that may have been needed in the pre ai era like maybe you needed a lawyer friend to get legal advice now you can just use it but at the same time within your social networks ai also gives rise to more information misinformation and it makes people a lot more susceptible to propaganda deepfakes are getting really good 说话人A 45:32 it's hard to tell which one is a deepfake and which one is a actual political candidate an actual ceo and they're probably not far from the day where someone manages to tank the stock market by creating a fake deepfake of Elon Musk announcing that he's going to donate all his money 说话人A 45:54 so one last thing to talk about is organizations so networks they are also embedded in and with and embedded across organizations in other words any social network that is defined by a common purpose and has a boundary between its membership and the rest of the world so membership in the organization of Franklin and Marshall will mean that you are either employed here in the alumni or a current student membership in Amnesty International might depend on whether or not you subscribe to emails 说话人A 46:28 whether or not you're regular domain these things are shaped by what we call organizational culture numbers to share beliefs and behaviors within a social group thinking about like Disney and how they require their employees to basically be smiling all the time or to act according to like the characters that they're playing that would be an example of corporate culture and so one thing to note about organizational structures is that social networks tend to extend across the top levels of organizations we increasingly see what we call interlocking directorates in other words one director。 说话人A 47:07 of this organization 说话人A 47:08 is also on the board of directors of several other organizations as a result we might see like conflicts of interest but also what we call institutional isomorphism where no matter what innovations you make you end up doing the exact same thing as everyone else either they catch up to you or you realize that it's not feasible in the grand scheme of things also known as the everyone's doing it now 说话人A 47:36 do you have any questions about this 说话人A 47:39 so far all right so in the last few minutes of class i'd like us to briefly apply in small groups the concepts that we've discussed so far so today's world social networks and interconnectedness is much more prevalent than before you probably have your location sharing on more than a few social media apps so we have the rise of surveillance you don't post any photos of yourself on Instagram you might be in the background of a couple's selfie at a cafe and so on and so forth so when we're。 说话人A 48:10 looking at Hollywood action movies heist movies often they steal something pretty expensive and then 说话人A 48:17 By running away and hiding your identity is that still possible today so thinking about if you were staging a getaway how would you go about making sure. 说话人C 48:28 You're not actually traced into many social networks so think about this in small groups together and yeah i'll let you guys discuss this for a minute or two. 说话人C 48:43 这边有三个小组。Kevin 一、Kevin 二。 说话人C 48:46 他们真的都要看。 说话人C 48:51 他们真的要看，这图片该怎么传？ 说话人C 48:55 chaos文件，你在文件夹里找它，找到就行。 说话人C 49:01 这咋找？ 说话人C 49:17 哦，可以直接拖过来，太好了。 说话人C 49:19 可以吧，苹果有这个功能吗？ 说话人C 49:21 有。 说话人C 49:31 那老师能看到吗？我交了俩文件。 说话人C 49:34 能吧。 说话人C 49:37 我这咋看不着，我看看。 说话人C 49:44 嗯。 说话人C 49:47 嗯。 说话人C 49:49 嗯。 说话人A 50:05 这个你交了吗？ 说话人A 50:07 交了呀，昨天就交了。 说话人A 50:08 什么，你没写？ 说话人A 50:12 我不知道啊。 说话人A 50:15 管教还有吗？ 说话人A 50:16 应该有吧。 说话人A 50:17 应该有。 说话人C 50:21 我去问个问题。 说话人C 50:26 professor i have a question about this i submit one picture of the social group of this 说话人C 50:32 oh that's good 说话人C 50:33 and i also submit an excel but can you see both of them or only 说话人C 50:37 I should. 说话人A 50:37 Be able to download it. 说话人A 50:38 Yes i can see both like so if you're submitting multiple files i will be able to. 说话人C 50:42 See them. 说话人C 50:43 ok ok 说话人C 50:47 行，交两份能看得着，那就没问题。 说话人C 50:49 我怕我一份点上去，给另一份顶掉，我尴尬。 说话人C 50:52 嗯。 说话人C 50:54 但我这咋了？ 说话人C 50:55 完了完了完了。 说话人C 50:56 没事没事。 说话人C 50:57 完了。 说话人C 50:58 这只是一个配置，不要担心。 说话人C 51:00 二十分钟。 说话人C 51:02 那这都有10分了，这玩意这玩意都有10分。 说话人C 51:04 哦。 说话人C 51:07 哎，我咋我咋都看不到我自己这？ 说话人C 51:10 别担心。 说话人C 51:11 我要不然交份新的吧。 说话人C 51:13 没事。 说话人C 51:15 不是，我怎么传不上去啊？这网怎么。 说话人C 51:17 我也传不上去，我在这交完再走。 说话人C 51:20 but you are sick 说话人C 51:21 yeah